53 research outputs found

    Electrically evoked compound action potentials are different depending on the site of cochlear stimulation.

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    One of the many parameters that can affect cochlear implant (CI) users' performance is the site of presentation of electrical stimulation, from the CI, to the auditory nerve. Evoked compound action potential (ECAP) measurements are commonly used to verify nerve function by stimulating one electrode contact in the cochlea and recording the resulting action potentials on the other contacts of the electrode array. The present study aimed to determine if the ECAP amplitude differs between the apical, middle, and basal region of the cochlea, if double peak potentials were more likely in the apex than the basal region of the cochlea, and if there were differences in the ECAP threshold and recovery function across the cochlea. ECAP measurements were performed in the apical, middle, and basal region of the cochlea at fixed sites of stimulation with varying recording electrodes. One hundred and forty one adult subjects with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss fitted with a Standard or FLEX(SOFT) electrode were included in this study. ECAP responses were captured using MAESTRO System Software (MED-EL). The ECAP amplitude, threshold, and slope were determined using amplitude growth sequences. The 50% recovery rate was assessed using independent single sequences that have two stimulation pulses (a masker and a probe pulse) separated by a variable inter-pulse interval. For all recordings, ECAP peaks were annotated semi-automatically. ECAP amplitudes were greater upon stimulation of the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. ECAP slopes were steeper in the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea and ECAP thresholds were lower in the middle region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. The incidence of double peaks was greater upon stimulation of the apical region compared to the basal region of the cochlea. This data indicates that the site and intensity of cochlear stimulation affect ECAP properties

    Intérêt de la stimulation électroacoustique chez les implantés cochléaires

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    Introduction : Notre étude évalue l'intérêt de la stimulation électroacoustique (EAS) chez les sourds sévères à profonds présentant une conservation des fréquences graves. Matériels et méthodes : Une étude rétrospective multicentrique incluant 9 patients et 10 oreilles implantées a été menée. L'intelligibilité a été évaluée. Résultats : Aucune différence significative n'a été mise en évidence entre la stimulation électrique et l'EAS, en analyse globale et en sous-groupe. 8 patients et 9 oreilles ont présenté un gain d'intelligibilité avec l'EAS. Discussion : L'étude de la littérature retrouve que les stimulations électrique et acoustique ont un effet synergique. Les résultats de notre étude retrouvent des résultats similaires. Aucune différence significative n'a pu être mise en évidence du fait du faible nombre de cas. Conclusion : L'EAS est un bon moyen de réhabilitation auditive des sourds partiels.RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Implantation cochléaire bilatérale : incidence sur la fonction vestibulaire

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    RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Etude scanographique et histologique de cochlées implantées par le prototype d'implant cochléaire atraumatique Neurelec® EVO

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    L'implantation cochléaire avec préservation de l'audition résiduelle requiert une insertion du porte-électrodes atraumatique. L'EVO est un prototype atraumatique développé par Neurelec pour lequel nous avons étudié l'atraumaticité du design sur la cochlée implantée. 14 cadavres humains ont été implantés par l'EVO. Les traumatismes ont été recherchés par analyse en reconstructions microscanner, en microscopie électronique et photonique. Les observations ont été cotées par l'échelle établie par Eshraghi; nous avons considéré deux groupes: celui avec des lésions sévères et celui sans lésions sévères pour comparer les profondeurs d'insertion et les données biométriques cochléaires. 78,6 % des cochlées ne présentaient pas de lésions sévères après implantation. Il n'existait pas de différence significative de profondeur d'insertion dans les 2 groupes. Nous avons observé une tendance à l'irrégularité du diamètre de la rampe tympanique sur les cochlées avec traumatismes. L'implantation atraumatique dépend du design du porte-électrodes mais aussi des conditions chirurgicales, et de la morphologie cochléaire. Les résultats avec l'EVO sont comparables à ceux des études histologiques d'autres types de porte-électrodes développés pour l'EAS. La recherche doit se poursuivre sur la chirurgie assistée par ordinateur pour minimiser l'incidence des traumatismes d'implantation.Cochlear implantation with preservation of residual hearing requires atraumatical electrodes array insertion the EVO is a prototype electrode array developed by Neurelec for electro acoustic stimulation, for which we studied cochlear damages after implantation. 14 human temporal bones were implanted with the electrode array EVO in soft surgery conditions. Traumas hae been sought by microscanner reconstruction analysis, electronic microscopy and light microscopy. Observations were rated by the scale established by Eshraghi (1), we considered two groups: with severe injuries and without severe damage to compare insertion depths and cochlear biometrics. 78.6 % of the cochleas showed no severe lesions after implantation. There was no significant difference of insertion depth in the 2 groups. We observed a tendency to irregularity in the diameter of the scala tympani of the colchlear with trauma. Atraumatic implantation depends on the design of the array but also surgical conditions, and cochlear morphology. The results with the EVO are comparable to histological studies of other types of electrodes arrays developed for EAS. In future, a clinical trial will test the hearing preservation in patients implanted with the EVO.RENNES1-BU Santé (352382103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Micro-CT scan, electron microscopy and optical microscopy study of insertional traumas of cochlear implants

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    International audiencePURPOSE: Knowledge of cochlear trauma resulting from the implantation of electrodes is important for the development of atraumatic surgical techniques. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the advantages of micro-CT scanning, back-scattered electron microscopy (BSEM) and optical microscopy (OM) in understanding the mechanisms of cochlear trauma due to cochlear implantation. METHOD: Our study involved six petrous bones removed from fresh human cadavers: one control specimen plus five other specimens that were surgically implanted with Neurelec Digisonic SP EVO(®) electrode arrays. All six specimens underwent glycol methyl methacrylate embedding, were examined via micro-CT scan and were then sectioned for histological analysis of undecalcified samples via BSEM and OM. RESULTS: The 2D micro-CT scan reconstructions did not display cochlear microtrauma due to a limited resolution and the loss of information caused by the metallic artifacts of the intracochlear electrodes. The 3D reconstructions displayed the quality of the electrode array positioning in the cochlea and enabled determining the axes on which to section the specimens for histological examination. BSEM afforded a clear view of the damage to the osseous structures of the cochlea, but did not display the soft tissue injuries. OM enabled viewing and grading the histological lesions resulting from insertion. CONCLUSION: In our opinion, the combination of 3D micro-CT scan reconstructions and histological analysis using OM appears to be the best method to analyze this type of trauma
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